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Pharmacology of Mareecham-Black pepper (Piper nigrum)

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       Pharmacology of Mareecham-Black pepper ( Piper nigrum ) Part 3  Piperine is the pharmacologically active phytochemical found in Mareecham-Black pepper ( Piper nigrum ). Here I discuss in detail the phytopharmacology of piperine. Molecular formula: C 17 H 19 NO3 Structural formula:   Piperine is the alkaloid found in Mareecham-Black pepper ( Piper nigrum ). It is responsible for the pungency of Mareecham-Black pepper ( Piper nigrum ).   Piperine was discovered in 1819 by Hans Chriastian Orsted, who isolated it from the fruits of Mareecham-Black pepper ( Piper nigrum ). Piperine was first synthesized in 1882 by mixing piperidine and piperoyl chloride. Piperine is now extracted by using water, alcohol and dichloromethane.   Piperine is slightly soluble in water and highly soluble in alcohol, ether and chloroform. Till date four isomers of piperine reported are: Chavicine, Isochavicine, Isopiperine and piperanine (dihydro form of piperine)  The primary